Identify the particle $x$ in the following reaction: ${}_3^7Li(p, x){}_4Be^8$,where $p$ is a proton.

$A$ certain radioactive material can undergo three different types of decay,each with a different decay constant $\lambda_1$,$\lambda_2$,and $\lambda_3$. Then the effective decay constant is:

Consider the decay of a free neutron at rest: $n \rightarrow p + e^-$. Show that the two-body decay of this type must necessarily give an electron of fixed energy and,therefore,cannot account for the observed continuous energy distribution in the $\beta$-decay of a neutron or a nucleus.

Curie is a unit of

What is $\alpha-$,$\beta-$ and $\gamma-$decay? Write their general formulas.

Beta rays emitted by a radioactive material are