Identify the final product in the following reaction:
$CH_3-CH(OH)-COOH \xrightarrow{\Delta} \text{Product}$

Arrange the following compounds in the increasing order of their $pK_a$ values:
$I.$ Phenol
$II.$ $p$-Nitrophenol
$III.$ Ethanol
$IV.$ $p$-Nitrobenzoic acid

An organic compound $(A)$ (molecular formula $C_{8}H_{16}O_{2}$) was hydrolysed with dilute sulphuric acid to give a carboxylic acid $(B)$ and an alcohol $(C)$. Oxidation of $(C)$ with chromic acid produced $(B)$. $(C)$ on dehydration gives but$-1-$ene. Write equations for the reactions involved.

Acid hydrolysis of $X$ yields two different organic compounds. Which one of the following is $X$?

The product of the reaction is:

The product $(X)$ of the reaction is: