Identify $A$ in the following reaction: $A + \text{Acetic anhydride} \xrightarrow{H^{+}} \text{Aspirin} + \text{Acetic acid}$

The compound that does $NOT$ liberate $CO_2$ on treatment with aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution is:

Explain why the $-OH$ group in phenols is more strongly held as compared to the $-OH$ group in alcohols?

Match List-$I$ with List-$II$.

List-$I$ (Reactants)	List-$II$ (Products)
$A$. Phenol,$Zn / \Delta$	$I$. Salicylaldehyde
$B$. Phenol,$CHCl_3, NaOH, HCl$	$II$. Salicylic acid
$C$. Phenol,$CO_2, NaOH, HCl$	$III$. Benzene
$D$. Phenol,Conc. $HNO_3$	$IV$. Picric acid

The products $X$ and $Y$ which are formed in the following sequence of reactions are respectively:
$\text{Phenol}$ $\xrightarrow{dil \ HNO_3} X$ $\xrightarrow{1. Zn/HCl, \Delta \atop 2.(CH_3CO)_2O (1 \ equiv)} Y$

Reaction of phenol with which of the following reagents forms picric acid?