How can seals survive in a polar climate where the temperature prevails below $0^{\circ} C$?

$I.$ Biochemical adaptations are seen in organisms living at great depths of the ocean to face crushing pressure.
$II.$ Allen's rule explains adaptations in mammals living in colder climates.
$III.$ Altitude sickness is caused because the body does not get enough oxygen due to low atmospheric pressure at high altitudes.
$IV.$ Desert lizards lack behavioural means to manage their body temperature.
Choose the correct option for the above statements.

The forests near the equator are known as .....

Which of the following are examples of short-term adaptation?
$(1)$ Accumulation of melanin in the skin
$(2)$ Utilization of stored fat by animals during hibernation
$(3)$ Seed dormancy
$(4)$ Phototropism of stems and geotropism of roots

Explain about adaptation in detail.

How do organisms $NOT$ adapt to their environment?