Given below are two statements $:$ one is labelled as Assertion $(A)$ and the other is labelled as Reason $(R)$.
Assertion $(A) :$ Magnetic monopoles do not exist.
Reason $(R) :$ Magnetic field lines are continuous and form closed loops.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

Find the magnetic flux density in $Wb/m^2$,if a magnetic flux of $2 \times 10^{-3} \ Wb$ passes through a slant area $A = 10 \ cm^2$ as shown in the figure.

Explain Gauss's law for magnetism.

$(a)$ Magnetic field lines show the direction (at every point) along which a small magnetised needle aligns (at the point). Do the magnetic field lines also represent the lines of force on a moving charged particle at every point?
$(b)$ Magnetic field lines can be entirely confined within the core of a toroid,but not within a straight solenoid. Why?
$(c)$ If magnetic monopoles existed,how would the Gauss's law of magnetism be modified?
$(d)$ Does a bar magnet exert a torque on itself due to its own field? Does one element of a current-carrying wire exert a force on another element of the same wire?
$(e)$ Magnetic field arises due to charges in motion. Can a system have magnetic moments even though its net charge is zero?

Write Gauss's law in equation form for electrostatics and magnetism. What is the difference between them?

$A$ circular disc of radius $0.2 \; m$ is placed in a uniform magnetic field of induction $\frac{1}{\pi} \; Wb/m^2$ in such a way that its axis makes an angle of $60^{\circ}$ with $\vec{B}$. The magnetic flux linked with the disc is..... $Wb$.