Gadolinium has a low value of third ionisatio | vedclass

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(A) The electronic configuration of $Gd$ $(Z=64)$ is $[Xe] 4f^7 5d^1 6s^2$.Upon formation of $Gd^{2+}$,the configuration becomes $[Xe] 4f^7 5d^1$.The

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high exchange enthalpy

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(A) The electronic configuration of $Gd$ $(Z=64)$ is $[Xe] 4f^7 5d^1 6s^2$.Upon formation of $Gd^{2+}$,the configuration becomes $[Xe] 4f^7 5d^1$.The third ionisation enthalpy involves the removal of the $5d^1$ electron.After the removal of this electron,the remaining $4f^7$ configuration is half-filled,which is highly stable due to high exchange energy.Therefore,the energy required for the third ionisation is relatively low.

Gadolinium has a low value of third ionisation enthalpy because of $......$

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