First dinosaurs and first egg-laying mammals originated in which period?

Two zoogeographical regions separated by high mountain ranges are

Match the following columns:

List-$I$	List-$II$
$(a)$ Oparin and Haldane	$(i)$ Analogy
$(b)$ Haeckel	$(ii)$ Simulation of primitive Earth conditions
$(c)$ Miller	$(iii)$ Chemical evolution
$(d)$ Wings of bird and butterfly	$(iv)$ Embryological support for evolution

The closely related,morphologically similar,sympatric populations that are reproductively isolated are designated as

Match the following columns:

List-$I$	List-$II$
$(W)$ Placental mammals and Australian marsupials	$(i)$ Adaptive radiation
$(X)$ Darwin's finches	$(ii)$ Convergent evolution
$(Y)$ Giraffe	$(iii)$ Divergent evolution
$(Z)$ Forelimbs of whale and bat	$(iv)$ Lamarckism

The process by which organisms with different evolutionary history evolve similar phenotypic adaptations in response to a common environmental challenge,is called