Female gamete mother cells are called

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(A) Female gamete mother cells are called oogonia.Oogenesis is the process of formation of a mature ovum.It has three phases:$(a)$ Multiplication Phas

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Oogonia

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(A) Female gamete mother cells are called oogonia.Oogenesis is the process of formation of a mature ovum.It has three phases:$(a)$ Multiplication Phase: Oogenesis takes place in the embryo stage. $A$ couple of million gamete mother cells (oogonia) are formed within each foetal ovary. No more oogonia are formed after birth. These cells (oogonia) enter prophase-$I$ of meiotic division and are temporarily arrested at this stage,called primary oocyte.$(b)$ Growth Phase: Each primary oocyte gets surrounded by a layer of granulosa cells,forming a primary follicle. $A$ large number of these follicles degenerate from birth to puberty. At puberty,only $60,000$ to $80,000$ primary follicles remain in each ovary. The primary follicles get surrounded by more layers of granulosa cells and a new theca to form secondary follicles.$(c)$ Maturation Phase: The secondary follicle transforms into a tertiary follicle. The primary oocyte within the tertiary follicle completes its first meiotic division to form a large haploid secondary oocyte and a tiny first polar body. The tertiary follicle changes into a mature Graafian follicle,which ruptures to release the secondary oocyte (ovum) from the ovary by a process called ovulation. The second meiotic division occurs after fertilization,resulting in the formation of a second polar body and a haploid ovum (ootid).

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