Explain the trends in $E_{M^{3+}/M^{2+}}^{o}$ electrode potential.

Vedclass pdf generator app on play store
Vedclass iOS app on app store
(N/A) The $E_{M^{3+}/M^{2+}}^{o}$ values are determined by the stability of the $M^{3+}$ and $M^{2+}$ oxidation states.
$1$. $Sc^{3+}$ has a noble gas configuration,making it very stable,which results in a very low (highly negative) $E_{M^{3+}/M^{2+}}^{o}$ value.
$2$. The high value for $Mn^{3+}/Mn^{2+}$ $(+1.57 \ V)$ is due to the extra stability of the half-filled $d^5$ configuration in $Mn^{2+}$.
$3$. The low value for $Fe^{3+}/Fe^{2+}$ $(+0.77 \ V)$ is due to the extra stability of the $Fe^{3+}$ $(d^5)$ ion.
$4$. The high value for $Co^{3+}/Co^{2+}$ $(+1.97 \ V)$ is due to the high Crystal Field Stabilization Energy $(CFSE)$ of the $Co^{2+}$ $(d^7)$ system in an aqueous medium.
$5$. Elements with high positive $E_{M^{3+}/M^{2+}}^{o}$ values (like $Mn^{3+}$ and $Co^{3+}$) act as strong oxidizing agents. Conversely,elements with low or negative values (like $Ti^{2+}, V^{2+}, Cr^{2+}$) act as strong reducing agents and can liberate $H_2$ from acids.
Example: $2Cr^{2+}_{(aq)} + 2H^+_{(aq)} \rightarrow 2Cr^{3+}_{(aq)} + H_{2(g)} \uparrow$
ElementElectrode potential ($E_{M^{3+}/M^{2+}}^{o}$ in $V$)
$Ti$$-0.37$
$V$$-0.26$
$Cr$$-0.41$
$Mn$$+1.57$
$Fe$$+0.77$
$Co$$+1.97$

Explore More

Similar Questions

All $Cu(II)$ halides are known except $CuI_2$,because ....

How many ions liberate $H_2$ gas with dilute acids among the given species:
$Mn^{2+}, Cr^{3+}, Cr^{2+}, Zn^{2+}, Cu^{2+}, Sc^{3+}, Hg^{2+}$

Iron is rendered passive by treatment with

Which of the following metals becomes passive when treated with concentrated $HNO_3$?

For the four successive transition elements $(Cr, Mn, Fe, \text{ and } Co)$,the stability of $+2$ oxidation state will be in which of the following order?
(Atomic numbers: $Cr = 24, Mn = 25, Fe = 26, Co = 27$)

Vedclass Products

For Students

Vedclass Test Series

Mock tests in real JEE/NEET style with performance analysis. 5-day free trial.

Start Free Trial
For Teachers

Exam Paper Generator

Generate Set A/B/C/D exam papers from 7.5L+ questions in 2 minutes. 3 chapters free.

Try Free
For Institutes

Online Exam Module

Live online exams with unlimited students, 360° analytics & white-label branding.

See Demo