Examples of bulk flow by a positive hydrostat | vedclass

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(C) Bulk flow (or mass flow) is the movement of substances in bulk from one point to another as a result of pressure differences between the two point

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Garden hose and suction through a straw,respectively

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(C) Bulk flow (or mass flow) is the movement of substances in bulk from one point to another as a result of pressure differences between the two points.Bulk flow can be achieved through two types of pressure gradients:$1$. Positive hydrostatic pressure gradient: This is created by applying pressure,such as water flowing out of a garden hose.$2$. Negative hydrostatic pressure gradient: This is created by suction,such as drawing water through a straw.Therefore,a garden hose represents a positive hydrostatic pressure gradient,and suction through a straw represents a negative hydrostatic pressure gradient.

Column-$I$	Column-$II$
$I.$ Polarity	$p.$ Aquatic organisms can float
$II.$ Viscosity	$q.$ Lakes do not freeze in winter
$III.$ Latent heat	$r.$ Ascent of sap against gravity
$IV.$ Cohesive force	$s.$ Water is an efficient solvent

Examples of bulk flow by a positive hydrostatic pressure gradient and a negative hydrostatic pressure gradient are

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