Electron transport system occurs in $:-$

Which of the following does not function as an electron carrier?

When energy is released from $FADH_2$,through which complex do electrons $NOT$ pass?

The haem protein complexes,which act as oxidizing agents are known as

The process by which $ATP$ is produced in the inner membrane of a mitochondrion,where the electron transport system transfers protons from the inner compartment to the outer,and as the protons flow back to the inner compartment,the energy of their movement is used to add phosphate to $ADP$,forming $ATP$,is known as:

Both respiration and photosynthesis require the following: