During the melting of a slab of ice at $273 \, K$ at atmospheric pressure,

  • A
    Positive work is done by the ice-water system on the atmosphere.
  • B
    Positive work is done on the ice-water system by the atmosphere.
  • C
    The internal energy of the ice-water system increases.
  • D
    $(B)$ and $(C)$ both.

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In Column $-I$ processes and in Column $-II$ formulas of work are given. Match them appropriately:
Column $-I$ Column $-II$
$(a)$ Isothermal process $(i)$ $W = \frac{\mu R(T_1 - T_2)}{\gamma - 1}$
$(b)$ Adiabatic process $(ii)$ $W = P\Delta V$
$(iii)$ $W = 2.303\mu RT \log_{10} \left( \frac{V_2}{V_1} \right)$

One mole of a monatomic ideal gas is taken along two cyclic processes $E \rightarrow F \rightarrow G \rightarrow E$ and $E \rightarrow F \rightarrow H \rightarrow E$ as shown in the $PV$ diagram. The processes involved are purely isochoric,isobaric,isothermal,or adiabatic. Match the paths in List-$I$ with the magnitudes of the work done in List-$II$ and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists.
List-$I$List-$II$
$P. \quad G \rightarrow E$$1. \quad 160 P_0 V_0 \ln 2$
$Q. \quad G \rightarrow H$$2. \quad 36 P_0 V_0$
$R. \quad F \rightarrow H$$3. \quad 24 P_0 V_0$
$S. \quad F \rightarrow G$$4. \quad 31 P_0 V_0$

Codes: $P \quad Q \quad R \quad S$

The figure shows a cylindrical adiabatic container of total volume $2V_0$ divided into two equal parts by a conducting piston (which is free to move). Each part contains an identical gas at pressure $P_0$. Initially,the temperature of the left and right parts is $4T_0$ and $T_0$ respectively. An external force is applied on the piston to keep it at rest. Find the value of the external force required when thermal equilibrium is reached. ($A =$ Area of the piston)

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Which of the following statements is incorrect?

An ideal monoatomic gas with pressure $P$, volume $V$ and temperature $T$ is expanded isothermally to a volume $2V$ and a final pressure $P_i$. If the same gas is expanded adiabatically to a volume $2V$, the final pressure is $P_a$. The ratio $\frac{P_a}{P_i}$ is

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