Differentiate between the following and provide examples for each:
$(a)$ Innate and acquired immunity
$(b)$ Active and passive immunity
$(a)$ Innate and acquired immunity
$(b)$ Active and passive immunity
(N/A) Differences between Innate and Acquired Immunity:
$(b)$ Differences between Active and Passive Immunity:
| Innate Immunity | Acquired Immunity |
| $(1)$ It is present from birth. | $(1)$ It develops after birth upon exposure to pathogens. |
| $(2)$ It provides non-specific defense barriers. | $(2)$ It involves specific $T$-cells,$B$-cells,and antibodies. |
| $(3)$ Example: Skin,mucous membranes,fever. | $(3)$ Example: Vaccination,immunity after recovery from disease. |
$(b)$ Differences between Active and Passive Immunity:
| Active Immunity | Passive Immunity |
| $(1)$ Host produces antibodies in response to antigens. | $(1)$ Ready-made antibodies are directly introduced. |
| $(2)$ It is slow but long-lasting. | $(2)$ It is fast but temporary. |
| $(3)$ Example: Natural infection or vaccination. | $(3)$ Example: Colostrum $(IgA)$,anti-tetanus serum. |
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