Describe the working of an $AC$ generator with the help of a labelled circuit diagram. What changes must be made in the arrangement to convert it to a $DC$ generator?

(N/A) Working of an $AC$ generator: An $AC$ generator consists of a rectangular coil placed between the poles of a strong permanent magnet. When the coil is rotated,the magnetic flux linked with it changes,inducing an alternating current $(AC)$ in the coil. The current flows through two slip rings ($R_1$ and $R_2$) and two stationary brushes ($B_1$ and $B_2$),which maintain contact with the rings.
Conversion to a $DC$ generator: To convert an $AC$ generator into a $DC$ generator,the slip rings must be replaced with a split-ring type commutator. This commutator reverses the direction of the current in the external circuit every half rotation,ensuring that the current flows in only one direction,thus producing direct current $(DC)$.