Define vital capacity. What is its significance?
(N/A) Vital capacity is the maximum volume of air that a person can breathe in after a forced expiration,or the maximum volume of air that a person can breathe out after a forced inspiration. It is calculated as the sum of $IRV + TV + ERV$. In a healthy human adult,it is approximately $3.5-4.5$ litres. Its significance lies in the fact that it provides a reserve of air for increased physical activity,ensures efficient ventilation of the lungs,and facilitates better gaseous exchange between the blood and the environment.
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| $C.$ Vital capacity | $III.$ Tidal volume $+$ Inspiratory reserve volume |
| $D.$ Inspiratory capacity | $IV.$ Expiratory reserve volume $+$ Residual volume |
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