The decreasing order of $-I$ (inductive) effect power for the given groups is:
$A. -CN$
$B. -NO_2$
$C. -NH_2$
$D. -F$

Explain the factors affecting the extent of inductive effect.

Which acid of each pair shown here would you expect to be stronger?
$(i)$ $CH_3CO_2H$ or $CH_2FCO_2H$
$(ii)$ $CH_2FCO_2H$ or $CH_2ClCO_2H$
$(iii)$ $CH_2FCH_2CH_2CO_2H$ or $CH_3CHFCH_2CO_2H$
$(iv)$ $F_3C-C_6H_4-COOH$ or $H_3C-C_6H_4-COOH$

The electron displacement in a covalent bond of a molecule is produced by which type of effects?

Which of the following is the strongest $-I$ (inductive effect) group?

Consider the following structures:
$I.$ $CH_3-CH_2-COOH$
$II.$ $CH_3-CH(Cl)-COOH$
$III.$ $Cl-CH_2-CH_2-COOH$
$IV.$ $CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-COOH$
The correct order of their acidity is