Cretinism,mental retardation,low intelligence quotient,abnormal skin,deaf-mutism,etc.,are the results of:

Swollen face,mental dullness,dry skin,and loss of appetite are the characteristics of:

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion $(A)$ and the other is labelled as Reason $(R)$.
Assertion $(A):$ During pregnancy,the level of thyroxine is increased in the maternal blood.
Reason $(R):$ Pregnancy is characterised by metabolic changes in the mother.
In the light of the above statements,choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Which disease in adults is characterized by the following symptoms: $1.$ Low metabolic rate,$2.$ Increase in body weight,$3.$ Water retention in tissues?

Which of the following are called as antithyroid substances?

Name at least two hormones which result in the fluctuation of $Ca^{++}$ levels.