Copper matte is a mixture of

What is the slag formed in the extraction of iron?

Statement $(A)$ $Mg$ can reduce $Al_2O_3$ above $1350^{\circ} C$.
Statement $(B)$ $Al$ can reduce $MgO$ below $1350^{\circ} C$.
The correct answer is

Given are two statements,one is labelled as Assertion $A$ and the other is labelled as Reason $R$.
Assertion $A$: Magnesium can reduce $Al_{2}O_{3}$ at a temperature below $1350^{\circ} C$,while above $1350^{\circ} C$ aluminium can reduce $MgO$.
Reason $R$: The melting and boiling points of magnesium are lower than those of aluminium.
In light of the above statements,choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

What happens during the Bessemerization process in the extraction of copper from copper pyrites?

The chemical that is added to reduce the melting point of the reaction mixture during the extraction of aluminium is