Copper ions-releasing $\rm {(IUD)}$ are more efficient than non-medicated methods. Why ?

   Another effective and popular method is the use of Intra Uterine Devices $(IUDs)$ . These devices are inserted by doctors or expert nurses in the uterus through vagina. These Intra Uterine Devices are presently available as the non-medicated $IUDs$ (e.g., Lippes loop), copper releasing $IUDs$ ( $CuT, Cu7,$ Multiload $375$ ) and the hormone releasing $IUDs$ (Progestasert, $LNG-20$ ) (Figure).

$IUDs$ increase phagocytosis of sperms within the uterus and the $Cu$ ions released suppress sperm motility and the fertilising capacity of sperms. The hormone releasing $IUDs$ , in addition, make the uterus unsuitable for implantation and the cervix hostile to the sperms. $IUDs$ are ideal contraceptives for the females who want to delay pregnancy and/or space children. It is one of most widely accepted methods of contraception in India.