Consider the following methods $:$
$I$: Hydration of olefins
$II$: Hydrolysis of alkyl halide
$III$: Reduction of carbonyl compounds
Which of these can be used to prepare alcohols ?

Give equations of the following reactions:
$(i)$ Oxidation of propan$-1-$ol with alkaline $KMnO_4$ solution.
$(ii)$ Bromine in $CS_2$ with phenol.
$(iii)$ Dilute $HNO_3$ with phenol.
$(iv)$ Treating phenol with chloroform in presence of aqueous $NaOH$.

Consider the following two reactions $A$ and $B$.
Numerical value of [molar mass of $x$ + molar mass of $y$] is . . . . . . .

Which of the following reactions involves the formation of a carbene intermediate?

Match the items of column $-I$ with the items of column $-II$.

Column $-I$	Column $-II$
$(A)$ Methanol	$(1)$ Conversion of phenol to $o-$hydroxybenzoic acid
$(B)$ Kolbe's reaction	$(2)$ Ethyl alcohol
$(C)$ Williamson's synthesis	$(3)$ Conversion of phenol to salicylaldehyde
$(D)$ Conversion of $2^o-$ alcohol to ketone	$(4)$ Wood spirit
$(E)$ Reimer-Tiemann reaction	$(5)$ Heated copper at $573 \ K$
$(F)$ Fermentation	$(6)$ Reaction of alkyl halide with sodium alkoxide

Identify product $B$ in the following reaction sequence:
$(CH_3)_2C=C(CH_3)_2$ $\xrightarrow{X_2, H_2O} A$ $\xrightarrow{OH^{-}} B$