Composition of the nuclei of two atomic species $X$ and $Y$ are given as under:
$X$$Y$
Protons $=$$6$$6$
Neutrons $=$$6$$8$

Give the mass numbers of $X$ and $Y$. What is the relation between the two species?

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(D) Mass number of $X = \text{Number of protons} + \text{Number of neutrons} = 6 + 6 = 12$.
Mass number of $Y = \text{Number of protons} + \text{Number of neutrons} = 6 + 8 = 14$.
These two atomic species $X$ and $Y$ have the same atomic number (number of protons $= 6$),but different mass numbers ($12$ and $14$). Hence,they are isotopes.

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