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(B) Competition for light, nutrients, and space is most severe between closely related species or individuals of the same species growing in the same

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Closely related plants growing in the same area

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(B) Competition for light, nutrients, and space is most severe between closely related species or individuals of the same species growing in the same area because they have identical niche requirements.Gause's hypothesis, also known as the $Principle 	ext{ of } Competitive 	ext{ Exclusion}$, states that two species competing for the same limiting resources cannot coexist at constant population values. If two species occupy the same niche, the one with a competitive advantage will eventually eliminate the other. This competition is most intense when the resource requirements are highly similar, which occurs among closely related organisms in the same geographical area.

Column-$I$	Column-$II$
$(a)$ Parasitism	$(i)$ $++$
$(b)$ Commensalism	$(ii)$ $+-$
$(c)$ Amensalism	$(iii)$ $0+$
$(d)$ Mutualism	$(iv)$ $0-$

Competition for light, nutrients and space is most severe between

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Match the Column-$I$ with Column-$II$:

Column-$I$ Column-$II$

$(a)$ Parasitism $(i)$ $++$

$(b)$ Commensalism $(ii)$ $+-$

$(c)$ Amensalism $(iii)$ $0+$

$(d)$ Mutualism $(iv)$ $0-$

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The relationship between two organisms or species in which both partners derive benefit from each other is known as:

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