Class 10SciencePeriodic Classification of ElementsMix Examples - Periodic Classification of Elements
MediumCompare the radii of two species $X$ and $Y$. Give reasons for your answer.
$(a)$ $X$ has $12$ protons and $12$ electrons.
$(b)$ $Y$ has $12$ protons and $10$ electrons.
$(a)$ $X$ has $12$ protons and $12$ electrons.
$(b)$ $Y$ has $12$ protons and $10$ electrons.
(B) The radius of species $Y$ is smaller than that of species $X$.
Reasoning:
$1$. Species $X$ is a neutral magnesium atom $(Mg)$ with $12$ protons and $12$ electrons.
$2$. Species $Y$ is a magnesium cation $(Mg^{2+})$ formed by the loss of $2$ electrons,resulting in $12$ protons and $10$ electrons.
$3$. In $Y$,the nuclear charge ($12$ protons) acts on fewer electrons ($10$ electrons) compared to $X$. This increases the effective nuclear charge per electron,pulling the remaining electron shells closer to the nucleus.
$4$. Additionally,the loss of electrons may result in the loss of an entire outermost shell,further decreasing the ionic radius compared to the atomic radius.
Reasoning:
$1$. Species $X$ is a neutral magnesium atom $(Mg)$ with $12$ protons and $12$ electrons.
$2$. Species $Y$ is a magnesium cation $(Mg^{2+})$ formed by the loss of $2$ electrons,resulting in $12$ protons and $10$ electrons.
$3$. In $Y$,the nuclear charge ($12$ protons) acts on fewer electrons ($10$ electrons) compared to $X$. This increases the effective nuclear charge per electron,pulling the remaining electron shells closer to the nucleus.
$4$. Additionally,the loss of electrons may result in the loss of an entire outermost shell,further decreasing the ionic radius compared to the atomic radius.
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Similar Questions
State whether the following statement is true or false: $Na, Mg, Li, Al, Si, F, P$ and $Cl$ belong to the third period of the Modern periodic table.
Easy
View SolutionWhy does the basic character decrease along a period? Give reasons.
Medium
View Solution$(a)$ Electropositive nature of the element$(s)$ increases down the group and decreases across the period.
$(b)$ Electronegativity of the element decreases down the group and increases across the period.
$(c)$ Atomic size increases down the group and decreases across a period (left to right).
$(d)$ Metallic character increases down the group and decreases across a period.
On the basis of the above trends of the Periodic Table,answer the following about the elements with atomic numbers $3$ to $9$:
$(a)$ Name the most electropositive element among them.
$(b)$ Name the most electronegative element.
$(c)$ Name the element with the smallest atomic size.
$(d)$ Name the element which is a metalloid.
$(e)$ Name the element which shows maximum valency.
$(b)$ Electronegativity of the element decreases down the group and increases across the period.
$(c)$ Atomic size increases down the group and decreases across a period (left to right).
$(d)$ Metallic character increases down the group and decreases across a period.
On the basis of the above trends of the Periodic Table,answer the following about the elements with atomic numbers $3$ to $9$:
$(a)$ Name the most electropositive element among them.
$(b)$ Name the most electronegative element.
$(c)$ Name the element with the smallest atomic size.
$(d)$ Name the element which is a metalloid.
$(e)$ Name the element which shows maximum valency.
Difficult
View SolutionWhat is a metalloid? Name any two of them.
Easy
View SolutionWhich of the following elements would form anions? Why?
$(i)$ $Na$ $(ii)$ $O$ $(iii)$ $Mg$ $(iv)$ $Al$ $(v)$ $Cl$
$(i)$ $Na$ $(ii)$ $O$ $(iii)$ $Mg$ $(iv)$ $Al$ $(v)$ $Cl$
Medium
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