Citric acid is industrially best produced by

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(B) Citric acid is produced on an industrial scale through the fermentation of sugar (sucrose or glucose) using the fungus $Aspergillus$ $niger$. This

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Aspergillus niger

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(B) Citric acid is produced on an industrial scale through the fermentation of sugar (sucrose or glucose) using the fungus $Aspergillus$ $niger$. This process involves the metabolic activity of the fungus under controlled conditions to maximize yield. Other microorganisms like $Mucor$ $sp.$ and certain yeasts are also capable of producing citric acid, but $Aspergillus$ $niger$ is the most widely used organism for commercial production.

Column-$I$	Column-$II$
$(a)$ Aspergillus niger	$(1)$ Lactic acid
$(b)$ Acetobacter aceti	$(2)$ Citric acid
$(c)$ Clostridium butyricum	$(3)$ Acetic acid
$(d)$ Lactobacillus	$(4)$ Butyric acid

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Match the columns:

Column-$I$ Column-$II$

$(a)$ Aspergillus niger $(1)$ Lactic acid

$(b)$ Acetobacter aceti $(2)$ Citric acid

$(c)$ Clostridium butyricum $(3)$ Acetic acid

$(d)$ Lactobacillus $(4)$ Butyric acid

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