Characters transmitted from parents to offspring are present in

Explain what happens when:
$(a)$ Testosterone is released in males.
$(b)$ Pollen grain falls on the stigma of the flower.
$(c)$ Egg fuses with sperm cell.
$(d)$ Planaria is cut into many pieces.
$(e)$ Buds are formed on the notches of the Bryophyllum leaf.

The number of chromosomes in parents and offsprings of a particular species remains constant due to

Which type of reproduction is fission,budding,and spore formation?

In the given figure,the parts $A, B$,and $C$ are sequentially:

Would a Planaria cut vertically into two halves regenerate into two individuals? Complete Figure $D$ and $E$ by indicating the regenerated regions.