At which stage of $PCR$,does the template join with the primer?

$DNA$ precipitation out of a mixture of biomolecules can be achieved by treatment with

In this technique,large quantities of biotechnological products such as antibiotics,vaccines,and enzymes are produced by maintaining and growing only the desired microbes/eukaryotic cells in a sterile environment.

Discuss briefly how a probe is used in molecular diagnostics.

$A$ : Taq Polymerase is involved in $PCR$ technique.
$R$ : This enzyme remains active during the high temperature including denaturation of double stranded $DNA$.

r-$DNA$ is inserted within the coding sequence of an enzyme,$\beta$-galactosidase. This results in the inactivation of the gene for the synthesis of this enzyme,which is referred to as . . . . . . .