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(C) Sulfonation is an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. The rate of this reaction depends on the electron density of the benzene ring. Gro

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Toluene

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(C) Sulfonation is an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. The rate of this reaction depends on the electron density of the benzene ring. Groups that donate electrons to the ring (activating groups) increase the electron density and make the ring more reactive towards electrophiles. In $Toluene$ $(C_6H_5CH_3)$,the methyl group $(CH_3)$ is an electron-donating group due to the $+I$ effect and hyperconjugation,which activates the benzene ring. $Nitrobenzene$ $(C_6H_5NO_2)$ has a strongly electron-withdrawing group $(-NO_2)$,which deactivates the ring. $Chlorobenzene$ $(C_6H_5Cl)$ has a halogen atom which is deactivating due to the $-I$ effect. $Benzene$ has no substituent. Therefore,$Toluene$ is the most reactive towards electrophilic substitution among the given options.

Among the following compounds,the one that undergoes sulfonation most easily is .......

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