The acidic strength of boron trihalides follo | vedclass

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Question

(A) The acidic strength of boron trihalides depends on the extent of back-bonding between the halogen $p$-orbitals and the empty $p$-orbital of boron.

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

$BF_3 < BCl_3 < BBr_3 < BI_3$

Vedclass · Answer

(A) The acidic strength of boron trihalides depends on the extent of back-bonding between the halogen $p$-orbitals and the empty $p$-orbital of boron. In $BF_3$,the $2p-2p$ back-bonding is most effective due to the small size of the fluorine atom,which reduces the electron deficiency of boron. As the size of the halogen increases from $F$ to $I$,the effectiveness of back-bonding decreases $(2p-2p > 2p-3p > 2p-4p > 2p-5p)$. Therefore,the electron deficiency of boron increases from $BF_3$ to $BI_3$,making $BI_3$ the strongest Lewis acid. The correct order of acidic strength is: $BF_3 < BCl_3 < BBr_3 < BI_3$.

The acidic strength of boron trihalides follows the order:

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