Absorption of radiant energy causes

What do herbicides primarily interfere with?

Which photosystem is inactive in the red drop phenomenon?

The following $(I-VI)$ are the main steps of chemiosmotic $ATP$ synthesis in the light reaction. Arrange them in the correct order:
$I$. $H^+$ concentration gradient established
$II$. $H^+$ diffuses through $ATP$ synthase
$III$. Carriers use energy from electrons to move $H^+$ across the membrane
$IV$. Electrons from $PS-II$ pass along the electron transport chain
$V$. Light excites electrons in $PS-II$
$VI$. Energy of $H^+$ flow is used by $ATP$ synthase to make $ATP$

In a chloroplast,the highest number of protons are found in:

Which one of the following concerns photophosphorylation?