$A$ domain in ferromagnetic iron is in the form of a cube of side length $1\; \mu m$. Estimate the number of iron atoms in the domain and the maximum possible dipole moment and magnetisation of the domain. The molecular mass of iron is $55\; g/mol$ and its density is $7.9\; g/cm^3$. Assume that each iron atom has a dipole moment of $9.27 \times 10^{-24}\; A m^2$.

Vedclass pdf generator app on play store
Vedclass iOS app on app store
(N/A) The volume of the cubic domain is $V = (10^{-6}\; m)^3 = 10^{-18}\; m^3 = 10^{-12}\; cm^3$.
The mass of the domain is $\text{volume} \times \text{density} = 7.9\; g/cm^3 \times 10^{-12}\; cm^3 = 7.9 \times 10^{-12}\; g$.
Using Avogadro's number $(N_A = 6.023 \times 10^{23}\; mol^{-1})$,the number of iron atoms $N$ is given by $N = \frac{\text{mass}}{\text{molar mass}} \times N_A = \frac{7.9 \times 10^{-12}\; g}{55\; g/mol} \times 6.023 \times 10^{23}\; mol^{-1} \approx 8.65 \times 10^{10}$ atoms.
The maximum possible dipole moment $m_{\max}$ is achieved when all atomic moments are perfectly aligned: $m_{\max} = N \times (9.27 \times 10^{-24}\; A m^2) = (8.65 \times 10^{10}) \times (9.27 \times 10^{-24}) \approx 8.0 \times 10^{-13}\; A m^2$.
The magnetisation $M_{\max}$ is $m_{\max} / V = (8.0 \times 10^{-13}\; A m^2) / (10^{-18}\; m^3) = 8.0 \times 10^5\; A/m$.

Explore More

Similar Questions

When a piece of a magnetic substance is placed in a uniform magnetic field,the flux density inside it is four times the flux density away from the piece. The magnetic permeability of the material is

The magnetic induction and the intensity of the magnetic field inside an iron core of an electromagnet are $1 \ Wb \ m^{-2}$ and $150 \ A \ m^{-1}$,respectively. The relative permeability of iron is $(\mu_0 = 4 \pi \times 10^{-7} \ H \ m^{-1})$.

The magnetic moment produced in a substance of $1 \ gm$ is $6 \times 10^{-7} \ A \cdot m^2$. If its density is $5 \ gm/cm^3$,then the intensity of magnetization (in $A/m$) will be:

$A$ solenoid has a core of a material with relative permeability $400$. The windings of the solenoid are insulated from the core and carry a current of $2 \; A$. If the number of turns is $1000$ per metre,calculate $(a) \; H$,$(b) \; M$,$(c) \; B$ and $(d)$ the magnetising current $I_m$.

What is the magnetic susceptibility of a medium if its relative permeability is $0.85$?

Vedclass Products

For Students

Vedclass Test Series

Mock tests in real JEE/NEET style with performance analysis. 5-day free trial.

Start Free Trial
For Teachers

Exam Paper Generator

Generate Set A/B/C/D exam papers from 7.5L+ questions in 2 minutes. 3 chapters free.

Try Free
For Institutes

Online Exam Module

Live online exams with unlimited students, 360° analytics & white-label branding.

See Demo