$A$ current of $2\,A$ flows through a wire of cross-sectional area $25.0\,mm^2$. The number of free electrons per cubic meter is $2.0 \times 10^{28}$. The drift velocity of the electrons is $...............\times 10^{-6}\,ms^{-1}$ (given,charge on electron $= 1.6 \times 10^{-19}\,C$).

$(a)$ The electron drift speed is estimated to be only a few $mm\; s^{-1}$ for currents in the range of a few amperes. How then is current established almost the instant a circuit is closed?
$(b)$ The electron drift arises due to the force experienced by electrons in the electric field inside the conductor. But force should cause acceleration. Why then do the electrons acquire a steady average drift speed?
$(c)$ If the electron drift speed is so small,and the electron's charge is small,how can we still obtain large amounts of current in a conductor?
$(d)$ When electrons drift in a metal from lower to higher potential,does it mean that all the 'free' electrons of the metal are moving in the same direction?
$(e)$ Are the paths of electrons straight lines between successive collisions (with the positive ions of the metal) in the $(i)$ absence of electric field,$(ii)$ presence of electric field?

Which of the following is a vector quantity?

The relaxation time $\tau$ is nearly independent of the applied $E$ field,whereas it changes significantly with temperature $T$. The first fact is (in part) responsible for Ohm's law,whereas the second fact leads to the variation of resistivity $\rho$ with temperature. Elaborate why?

The number density of free electrons in a copper conductor is estimated to be $8.5 \times 10^{28} \ m^{-3}$. How long does an electron take to drift from one end of a wire $6 \ m$ long to its other end? The area of cross-section of the wire is $1.0 \times 10^{-6} \ m^2$ and it is carrying a current of $1.5 \ A$.

The total momentum of electrons in a straight wire of copper of length $1\, m$ carrying a current of $16\, A$ is