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(B) To determine the potential difference across the moving conducting rod,we use the Lorentz force law on the free electrons within the rod.According

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(B) To determine the potential difference across the moving conducting rod,we use the Lorentz force law on the free electrons within the rod.According to the right-hand rule for the motional electromotive force $(EMF)$,the force $F$ on a positive charge $q$ moving with velocity $v$ in a magnetic field $B$ is given by $F = q(v 	imes B)$.For electrons (charge $q = -e$),the force is $F = -e(v 	imes B)$.Using the right-hand rule for $(v 	imes B)$,the direction of $(v 	imes B)$ is towards the end $P$. Therefore,the force on the electrons is directed towards the end $Q$.As electrons accumulate at end $Q$,it becomes negatively charged (lower potential),and end $P$ becomes positively charged (higher potential).Thus,end $Q$ is at a lower potential.

$A$ conducting rod of length $\ell$ is moving with velocity $v$ in a uniform magnetic field $B$ directed into the plane of the paper,as shown in the diagram. Which end of the rod is at a lower potential?

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