$A$ cart loaded with sand is moving with velocity $v$. Sand is falling through a hole as shown in the diagram. After falling on the ground,the sand is:

$A$ machine gun is mounted on a $2000 \,kg$ car on a horizontal frictionless surface. At some instant,the gun fires bullets of mass $10 \,g$ with a velocity of $500 \,m/s$ with respect to the car. The number of bullets fired per second is $10$. The average thrust on the system is ........ $N$.

At a certain instant of time,the mass of a rocket going up vertically is $100 \, kg$. If it is ejecting $5 \, kg$ of gas per second at a speed of $400 \, m/s$,the acceleration of the rocket would be ........ $m/s^2$ (taking $g = 10 \, m/s^2$).

$A$ rocket is ejecting $50\,g$ of gases per second at a speed of $500\,m/s.$ The accelerating force on the rocket will be ............ $N$.

$A$ satellite in force-free space sweeps stationary interplanetary dust at a rate $\frac{dM}{dt} = \alpha v$,where $M$ is the mass,$v$ is the velocity of the satellite,and $\alpha$ is a constant. What is the deceleration of the satellite?

$A$ rocket of initial mass $6000 \ kg$ ejects gases at a constant rate of $16 \ kg/s$ with a constant relative speed of $11 \ km/s$ in gravity-free space. What is the acceleration of the rocket $1 \ min$ after the blast? (in $m/s^2$)