What is produced when aniline is heated with chloroform and alcoholic $KOH$?

What product will be formed from the Hofmann exhaustive methylation of the following compound?
$CH_3-CH(CH_3)-CH_2-NH-CH_2-CH_2-CH_3 \xrightarrow[(i) CH_3I (excess), (ii) Ag_2O, (iii) \Delta]{} \text{Product}$

$A$ primary amine is formed from an amide by the treatment of bromine and alkali. The primary amine has:

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion $A$ and the other is labelled as Reason $R$.
Assertion $A$: Aniline on nitration yields ortho,meta and para nitro derivatives of aniline.
Reason $R$: Nitrating mixture is a strong acidic mixture.
In the light of the above statements,choose the correct answer from the options given below.

In the reaction shown below,the major product$(s)$ formed is/are:

Identify $X$ and $Y$ in the following reactions: