Six point charges are placed at the vertices of a regular hexagon as shown in the figure. Three of the charges are $+q$ and the other three are $-q$. Starting from $P$ and moving clockwise,the electric field at the center $O$ is twice the electric field due to a single charge $+q$ at $R$. Which of the following arrangements of charges at $P, Q, R, S, T, U$ is correct?

In $1959$,Lyttleton and Bondi suggested that the expansion of the Universe could be explained if matter carried a net charge. Suppose that the Universe is made up of hydrogen atoms with a number density $N$,which is maintained constant. Let the charge on the proton be: $e_p = -(1 + y)e$,where $e$ is the electronic charge.
$(a)$ Find the critical value of $y$ such that expansion may start.
$(b)$ Show that the velocity of expansion is proportional to the distance from the centre.

Three identical charges are placed at the three corners of an equilateral triangle as shown in the figure. Which of the following statements is true for the electric field $E$ and electric potential $V$ at the center $O$?

An uncharged metal sphere is placed between two charged parallel plates. The pattern of the electric field lines will be:

The surface of a planet is found to be uniformly charged. When a particle of mass $m$ and no charge is thrown at an angle from the surface of the planet,it has a parabolic trajectory as in projectile motion with horizontal range $L$. $A$ particle of mass $m$ and charge $q$,with the same initial conditions,has a range $L/2$. The range of a particle of mass $m$ and charge $2q$,with the same initial conditions,is:

Consider a gravity-free container as shown. The system is initially at rest and the electric potential in the region is $V = (y^3 + 2) \text{ J/C}$. A ball of charge $q = -0.5 \text{ C}$ and mass $m = 2 \text{ kg}$ is released from rest from the base $(y=0)$. It starts to move up due to the electric field and collides with the shaded top face $(y=2 \text{ m})$ as shown. If its speed just after the collision is $1.5 \text{ m/s}$ and the time for which the ball is in contact with the shaded face is $0.1 \text{ s}$, find the external force required to hold the container fixed in its position during the collision, assuming the ball exerts a constant force on the wall during the entire span of the collision. (in $\text{ N}$)