The graph between the square root of the freq | vedclass

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(B) According to Moseley's law,the frequency $
u$ of a characteristic $X$-ray line is related to the atomic number $Z$ of the target material by the

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(B) According to Moseley's law,the frequency $
u$ of a characteristic $X$-ray line is related to the atomic number $Z$ of the target material by the equation:$\sqrt{
u} = a(Z - b)$where $a$ and $b$ are constants depending on the specific spectral line (e.g.,$K_{\alpha}$,$L_{\alpha}$).This equation represents a straight line of the form $y = mx + c$,where $y = \sqrt{
u}$,$x = Z$,$m = a$ (slope),and $c = -ab$ (y-intercept).Since $b > 0$,the y-intercept $-ab$ is negative.Therefore,the graph of $\sqrt{
u}$ versus $Z$ is a straight line that does not pass through the origin and has a negative y-intercept.Looking at the given options,graph $A$ represents a straight line with a positive y-intercept,graph $B$ represents a straight line with a negative y-intercept,graph $C$ represents a straight line passing through the origin,and graph $D$ represents a curve.Thus,graph $B$ is the correct representation.

The graph between the square root of the frequency of a characteristic line in the $X$-ray spectrum and the atomic number of the target is:

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