Which of the following is the strongest Lewis | vedclass

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Question

(A) The Lewis acidity of boron trihalides $(BX_3)$ depends on the extent of back-bonding between the lone pair of the halogen and the empty $p$-orbita

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

$BI_3$

Vedclass · Answer

(A) The Lewis acidity of boron trihalides $(BX_3)$ depends on the extent of back-bonding between the lone pair of the halogen and the empty $p$-orbital of boron. In $BF_3$,the fluorine atom has a small size and its $2p$-orbitals overlap effectively with the $2p$-orbital of boron ($2p\pi-2p\pi$ back-bonding),making it the weakest Lewis acid. As the size of the halogen increases from $F$ to $I$,the effectiveness of back-bonding decreases ($2p\pi-3p\pi$ for $BCl_3$,$2p\pi-4p\pi$ for $BBr_3$,and $2p\pi-5p\pi$ for $BI_3$). Therefore,$BI_3$ has the least back-bonding and the most available empty $p$-orbital,making it the strongest Lewis acid. The order of Lewis acidity is $BF_3 < BCl_3 < BBr_3 < BI_3$.

Which of the following is the strongest Lewis acid?

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