The constant acidity and basicity of a buffer solution is due to........

$100 \ mL$ of a solution contains $0.1 \ M$ $NH_4OH$ and $0.1 \ M$ $NH_4Cl$. The $pH$ of the solution will not change on adding :-

$A$ buffer solution contains $100 \ mL$ of $0.01 \ M \ CH_3COOH$ and $200 \ mL$ of $0.02 \ M \ CH_3COONa$. If $700 \ mL$ of $1 \ M \ NaCl$ is added,what are the $pH$ values before and after the addition? $(pK_a = 4.74)$

$A$ solution is prepared by mixing $0.01 \ mol$ each of $H_2CO_3$,$NaHCO_3$,$Na_2CO_3$,and $NaOH$ in $100 \ mL$ of water. The $pH$ of the resulting solution is. . . . . . .
[Given : $pK_{a1}$ and $pK_{a2}$ of $H_2CO_3$ are $6.37$ and $10.32$,respectively; $\log 2=0.30$ ]

Calculate the $pH$ of a buffer solution containing $0.01 \ M$ salt and $0.004 \ M$ weak acid. $(pK_{a} = 4.762)$

Which of the following pairs constitutes a buffer?