In the given diagram of the life cycle of Plasmodium,what does the part labeled '$A$' represent?

Social therapy of mental illness is required for

Identify the molecules $(A)$ and $(B)$ shown below and select the right option giving their source and use.
| Molecule | Source | Uses |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |

Match the following columns.

Column-$I$	Column-$II$
$(1)$ $HIV$	$(v)$ Oncogenic virus
$(2)$ Cancer	$(w)$ Microsporum,Trichophyton
$(3)$ Allergens	$(x)$ Retrovirus
$(4)$ Ringworm	$(y)$ Colostrum
	$(z)$ Serotonin

Identify the disease for which an arthropod vector is not required.

Match the correct pairs:

Column $1$	Column $2$
$(i)$ Salmonella typhi	$(p)$ Malaria
(ii) Plasmodium	$(q)$ Typhoid
(iii) Entamoeba histolytica	$(r)$ Ringworm
(iv) Epidermophyton	$(s)$ Amoebiasis