What is the replication of chromosomes without the division of the nucleus called?

Statement $X$: The process of cell division is essential for the growth of an organism.
Statement $Y$: Replication of $DNA$ and division of $DNA$ are necessary for cell division.

Meiosis and mitosis differ from each other because in meiosis

Choose the correct sequence of two main events in mitosis.

$A$: During anaphase-$II$,chromatids of a chromosome separate.
$R$: Centromere of a mitotic chromosome divides during anaphase.

Distinguish between the anaphase of mitosis and the anaphase $I$ of meiosis.