According to Neo-Darwinism,which of the following is responsible for the origin of new species?

The sum total of genes in a population is called:

Definition / Explanation: $Saltation$.

Identify $P, Q,$ and $R$ in the following descriptions of natural selection types:
$P -$ More individuals acquire peripheral character values at both ends of the distribution curve.
$Q -$ More individuals acquire mean character value.
$R -$ More individuals acquire value other than the mean character value.
$\quad\quad P \quad\quad\quad Q\quad\quad\quad R$

Which of the following is an effective force in biological evolution?

Organic evolution would not have taken place: