Which of the following statements is correct?

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(D) The respiratory rhythm center in the medulla region of the brain is primarily regulated by the concentration of $CO_2$ and $H^+$ ions in the blood

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

The respiratory centers are highly affected by the level of $CO_2$,and when $CO_2$ increases,the rate of breathing increases.

Vedclass · Answer

(D) The respiratory rhythm center in the medulla region of the brain is primarily regulated by the concentration of $CO_2$ and $H^+$ ions in the blood.
An increase in $CO_2$ concentration stimulates the chemosensitive area,which in turn signals the respiratory rhythm center to increase the rate of breathing.
Therefore,option $A$ is incorrect and option $D$ is correct.
Vital capacity $(VC)$ is the maximum volume of air a person can breathe in after a forced expiration,which is $IRV + TV + ERV$ (approximately $4600 \ mL$). This is not double the expiratory reserve volume ($ERV$,which is $\approx 1000-1100 \ mL$). Therefore,option $B$ is incorrect.
The human lungs contain millions of alveoli,not $10^3$. Therefore,option $C$ is incorrect.

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