The photochemical reaction in the chloroplast is directly associated with ...

Chemiosmosis requires:
$I$. $A$ membrane
$II$. $A$ proton pump
$III$. $A$ proton gradient
Select the correct option.

The wavelength required for the Emerson enhancement effect is........

Read the following four statements,$(i), (ii), (iii)$ and $(iv)$ and select the right option having both correct statements.
Statements:
$(i)$ $Z$ scheme of light reaction takes place in the presence of $PSI$ only.
$(ii)$ Only $PSI$ is functional in cyclic photophosphorylation.
$(iii)$ Cyclic photophosphorylation results in the synthesis of $ATP$ and $NADPH_2$.
$(iv)$ Stroma lamellae lack $PSII$ as well as $NADP$ reductase.

The Emerson enhancement effect and the red drop phenomenon were instrumental in the discovery of which of the following?

In photosynthesis,energy from light reaction to dark reaction is transferred in the form of