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(B) When a cell of $\operatorname{emf} E$ and internal resistance $r$ is connected to an external resistor of resistance $R$,the circuit forms a close

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

$E - I r$

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(B) When a cell of $\operatorname{emf} E$ and internal resistance $r$ is connected to an external resistor of resistance $R$,the circuit forms a closed loop.According to Ohm's law for the entire circuit,the current $I$ is given by $I = \frac{E}{R + r}$.The terminal potential difference $V$ across the cell is the potential difference across the external resistor $R$,which is $V = I R$.Alternatively,considering the internal drop,the terminal potential difference is the $\operatorname{emf}$ minus the potential drop across the internal resistance: $V = E - I r$.Both expressions represent the terminal potential difference of the cell.

$A$ resistor of resistance $R$ is connected between the terminals of a cell of $\operatorname{emf} E$ and internal resistance $r$. If $I$ is the current through the circuit,the terminal potential difference of the cell is given by:

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