$(a)$ Explain how does a cell maintain current in a circuit.
$(b)$ In the circuit given below the resistance of the path $x T y=2\, \Omega$ and that of $x Z y=6, \Omega$.
$(i)$ Find the equivalent resistance between $x$ and $y.$
$(ii)$ Find the current in the main circuit.
$(iii)$ Calculate the current that flows through the path $x T y$ and $x Z y$.
$(a)$ Explain how does a cell maintain current in a circuit.
$(b)$ In the circuit given below the resistance of the path $x T y=2\, \Omega$ and that of $x Z y=6, \Omega$.
$(i)$ Find the equivalent resistance between $x$ and $y.$
$(ii)$ Find the current in the main circuit.
$(iii)$ Calculate the current that flows through the path $x T y$ and $x Z y$.
$(a)$ The chemical action within a cell generates the potential difference across the terminals of the cell. This potential difference sets and maintains current in the circuit.
$(b)$ $(i)$ Equivalent resistance, $\frac{1}{ R _{e}}=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{6}$
$=\frac{3+1}{6}=\frac{4}{6}=\frac{2}{3}$
Or $R _{e}=1.5 \Omega$
$(ii)$ Total resistance of the circuit
$=R_{e}+1.5 \Omega$
$=1.5 \Omega+1.5 \Omega=3 \Omega$
$\therefore$ Current $( I )=\frac{6 V }{3 \Omega}=2 A$
$(iii)$ $P.D.$ across the parallel combination of $2\, \Omega$ and $6\, \Omega=1.5 \times 2=3 V$
$\therefore$ Current through $2 \Omega$ resistance
$=\frac{V}{R}=\frac{3 V }{2 \Omega}=1.5 A$
and current through $6 \Omega$ resistance
$=\frac{3 V}{6 \Omega}=0.5 A$
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