Gross Primary Productivity $(GPP)$ can be represented by which of the following?

  • A
    $NPP = GPP - R$
  • B
    $GPP = NPP + R$
  • C
    $R = GPP - NPP$
  • D
    Both $B$ and $C$

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Why are oceans the least productive ecosystems?

Which of the following elements often limits the primary productivity of an ecosystem?

Secondary productivity is defined as:

Explain productivity and its types.

Match the following columns correctly.
Column-$I$Column-$II$
$(a)$ Gross Primary Productivity$(1)$ $NPP$
$(b)$ Net Primary Productivity$(2)$ $SP$
$(c)$ Secondary Productivity$(3)$ $GPP$

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