How can $RNA$ impurities be removed during the isolation of genetic material?

In gel electrophoresis,at which end is the sample loaded?

Match the columns:

Column-$I$	Column-$II$
$(a)$ Lysozyme	$(i)$ Fat
$(b)$ Cellulase	$(ii)$ Protein
$(c)$ Chitinase	$(iii)$ Bacteria
$(d)$ Lipase	$(iv)$ Fungi (Penicillium)
	$(v)$ Plant (Mangifera indica)

The components of a bioreactor are:
$I.$ An agitator system
$II.$ An oxygen delivery system
$III.$ Foam control system
$IV.$ Temperature control system
$V.$ $pH$ control system
$VI.$ Sampling ports to withdraw cultures periodically
Choose the correct option.

In the presence of a chromogenic substrate,recombinant bacteria give:

Which of the following techniques is $NOT$ used for introducing $DNA$ into a host cell in $r-DNA$ technology?