What makes a population stable?

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(A) population is considered stable when it possesses genetic variation in its traits. Genetic variation allows a population to adapt to changing envi

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Variation in traits

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(A) population is considered stable when it possesses genetic variation in its traits. Genetic variation allows a population to adapt to changing environmental conditions through natural selection. If a population lacks variation,it becomes vulnerable to extinction when environmental pressures change,as there are no individuals with advantageous traits to survive and reproduce. Therefore,variation in traits is the fundamental factor that ensures the long-term stability and evolutionary success of a population.

Column-$I$	Column-$II$
$(a)$ Population density	$(i)$ Demography
$(b)$ Natality	$(ii)$ Birth rate
$(c)$ Mortality	$(iii)$ Population decline
$(d)$ Demography	$(iv)$ Total number of individuals per unit area and unit volume

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