Which of the following disorders is character | vedclass

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(D) Phenylketonuria $(PKU)$ is an inborn error of metabolism that is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait.In this disorder,the affected individua

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Phenylketonuria

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(D) Phenylketonuria $(PKU)$ is an inborn error of metabolism that is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait.In this disorder,the affected individual lacks the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase,which converts the amino acid phenylalanine into tyrosine.As a result,phenylalanine accumulates and is converted into phenylpyruvic acid and other derivatives.Accumulation of these substances in the brain results in mental retardation.Other symptoms include reduction in hair and skin pigmentation.

Column-$I$	Column-$II$
$(P)$ Haemophilia	$(i)$ Recessive gene: $X^{h}X^{h}$
$(Q)$ Colour blindness	$(ii)$ Recessive gene: $pp$
$(R)$ Phenylketonuria	$(iii)$ Recessive gene: $Hb^{s}Hb^{s}$
$(S)$ Sickle-cell anaemia	$(iv)$ Recessive gene: $X^{c}X^{c}$

Which of the following disorders is characterized by mental retardation?

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