How can 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (picric acid) an | vedclass

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(C) Picric acid ($2,4,6$-trinitrophenol) is a strong acid due to the presence of three electron-withdrawing $-NO_2$ groups,which makes it acidic enoug

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

Aqueous $FeCl_3$

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(C) Picric acid ($2,4,6$-trinitrophenol) is a strong acid due to the presence of three electron-withdrawing $-NO_2$ groups,which makes it acidic enough to react with $NaHCO_3$ to evolve $CO_2$ gas. However,benzoic acid is a weaker acid compared to picric acid but still reacts with $NaHCO_3$. Actually,the most effective way to distinguish them is using aqueous $FeCl_3$. Phenols,including picric acid,give a characteristic color (often violet,green,or red) with neutral $FeCl_3$ solution due to the formation of a complex,whereas benzoic acid does not give this test. Therefore,aqueous $FeCl_3$ is the correct reagent.

How can $2,4,6$-trinitrophenol (picric acid) and benzoic acid be distinguished?

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